Part 1
Summary
Part 2
Summary
Introduction
General chemistry review
A review of hybrid orbitals, dot structures, electronegativity, and polarity
Organic structures and acid/base
bond-line structures, functional groups, formal charges, resonance structures, oxidation and reduction, acid/base chemistry
Alkanes and cycloalkanes
naming alkanes and cycloalkanes, conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes, and free radical reactions
Title
Summary
Title
Summary
Title
Summary
Content
Title
Summary
Title
Summary
Title
Summary
Title
Summary
Title
Summary
Title
Summary
Hybridization
It's the liger of orbitals and essential to organic chemistry! In this tutorial, Sal discusses the hybridization of orbitals.
Dot structures
In this tutorial, Jay reminds you how to draw the dot structures of simple organic molecules.
Hybrid orbitals
In this tutorial, Jay goes over sp3, sp2, and sp hybridization.
Electronegativity
What is the most important concept to understand in undergraduate organic chemistry? Of course, it's electronegativity! In this tutorial, Jay explains the concept of electronegativity and shows how it applies to polarity, intermolecular forces, and physical properties.
Bond-line structures
Call them Bonds. Covalent Bonds. Smart chemists need time to stir (and shake) their solutions. In this tutorial, Jay explains how chemists use bond-line structures as a form of organic shorthand to skip time-consuming carbon and hydrogen atoms labeling. Watch this tutorial so you too can be in the Dr. Know.
Functional groups
In this tutorial, Jay puts the "fun" back into recognizing functional groups.
Formal charge and resonance
Positive and negative charges are everywhere in orgo! In this tutorial, Jay shows you how to assign formal charges to molecules and how to draw resonance structures.
Oxidation and reduction
LEO the Lion goes GERRRR!!!! If that is all that you remember about redox from general chemistry, then this tutorial is for you! Jay shows you how to assign oxidation states in organic molecules.
Acid/base
Do you remember the basics of acid/base chemistry? In this tutorial, Jay reminds you of a few definitions, shows you how the stability of the conjugate base affects the acidity of the molecule, and demonstrates the importance of pKa values.
Naming alkanes
In this tutorial, Sal shows how to name alkanes.
Conformations
In this tutorial, Sal draws Newman projections and also explains chair and boat conformations for cyclohexane.
Naming alkanes, cycloalkanes, and bicyclic compounds
Do you speak the language of organic chemistry? In this tutorial, Jay shows you how to be fluent in naming alkanes, cycloalkanes, and bicyclic compounds.
Conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes
In this tutorial, Jay shows the different conformations of straight chain alkanes and cyclohexane.
Free radical reaction
In this tutorial, Sal introduces free radical reactions by showing the reaction of methane with chlorine.
Content
Content
Content
Content
Content
Content
Content
Content
Content
sp3 Hybridized Orbitals and Sigma Bonds
sp3 Hybridized Orbitals and Sigma Bonds
Pi bonds and sp2 Hybridized Orbitals
Pi bonds and sp2 Hybridized Orbitals
dot structures I: single bonds
Summary
dot structures II: multiple bonds
Summary
sp3 hybrid orbitals
Summary
tetrahedral bond angle proof
Summary
sp2 hybrid orbitals
Summary
sp hybrid orbitals
Summary
more hybridization
Summary
electronegativity
Summary
electronegativity and intermolecular forces
Summary
bond-line structures
Correction: On the last example, I said double bond and then corrected myself by saying triple bond.
3-D bond-line structures
Summary
structural (constitutional) isomers
Summary
functional groups I
Summary
functional groups II
Summary
formal charge I
Summary
formal charge II
Summary
resonance structures I
Summary
resonance structures II
Summary
resonance structures III
Summary
oxidation states I
Summary
oxidation states II
Summary
Acid/Base Definitions
Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis Definitions
Ka and pKa Derivation
A review of Keq, Ka, and pKa
Stabilization of Conjugate Base I
electronegativity
Stabilization of Conjugate Base II
resonance structures
Stabilization of Conjugate Base III
Inductive effects on acidity
Stabilization of Conjugate Base IV
The effect of hybrid orbitals on acidity
Representing Structures of Organic Molecules
Summary
Naming Simple Alkanes
Summary
Naming Alkanes with Alkyl Groups
Summary
Correction - 2-Propylheptane should never be the name!
Summary
Common and Systematic Naming-Iso, Sec and Tert Prefixes
Summary
Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 1
Summary
Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 2
Summary
Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 3
Summary
Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 4
Summary
Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 5
Summary
Newman Projections
Summary
Newman Projections 2
Summary
Chair and Boat Shapes for Cyclohexane
Summary
Double Newman Diagram for Methcyclohexane
Summary
alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature I
Summary
alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature II
Summary
alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature III
Summary
bicyclic compounds
Summary
naming cubane
Summary
conformations of ethane and propane
Summary
conformations of butane
Summary
conformations of cyclohexane I: chair and boat
Summary
conformations of cyclohexane II: monosubstituted
Summary
conformations of cyclohexane III: disubstituted
Summary
conformations of cyclohexane IV: trisubstituted
Summary